The Réaumur scale was used widely in Europe, particularly in France, Germany, and Russia. The Réaumur scale is a temperature scale of which the freezing and boiling points of water are defined as 0 and 80 degrees respectively. The difference between the freezing point and boiling point of water is 100 degrees in each so that the Kelvin has the same magnitude as the degree Celsius. The Kelvin scale is related to the Celsius scale. The Kelvin scale has been adopted as the international standard for scientific temperature measurement. It is defined as 1/273.16 of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water. Kelvin temperature scale is the base unit of thermodynamic temperature measurement in the International System (SI) of measurement. Celsius is sometimes called the centigrade scale because of the 100-degree interval between the defined point.
However, most English-speaking countries have officially adopted the Celsius scale.Ĭelsius temperature scale also called the centigrade temperature scale, is the scale based on 0 for the freezing point of water and 100 for the boiling point of water.
Until the 1970s the Fahrenheit temperature scale was in general common use in English-speaking countries while the Celsius or centigrade scale was employed in most other countries worldwide. Fahrenheit temperature scale is a scale based on 32 for the freezing point of water and 212 for the boiling point of water. The Journal of pediatrics, 133(4), 553-556.The 5 temperature scales are Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Réaumur, and Rankine. Comparison of esophageal, rectal, axillary, bladder, tympanic, and pulmonary artery temperatures in children. American journal of infection control, 33(4), 227-229. A brief report on the normal range of forehead temperature as determined by noncontact, handheld, infrared thermometer. Normal body temperature: a systematic review. Journal of pediatric nursing, 52, e21-e25. Evaluating the interchangeability of forehead, tympanic, and axillary thermometers in Italian paediatric clinical settings: Results of a multicentre observational study.
Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology e-Book. Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care. Lillis, C., LeMone, P., LeBon, M., & Lynn, P.Temperature Assessment SitesĪctual average temperatures collected in three clinical studies. Death by cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation occurs once body temperature falls to 77☏. Once the core temperature falls below 85☏ temperature regulation is lost. Circulatory shock, cell destruction and organ failure are followed by death. When measured orally and about 1☏ higher when measured rectally. Normal core temperature The average normal core temperature is generally considered to be between 98.0° and 98.6☏ The answer is 37☌ Medical Relevance Core temperature The temperature of the deep tissues of the body-the “core” of the body-remainsĪlmost exactly constant, within ☑☏ (☐.6☌), day in and day out except when a personįebrile illness.